A hysteroscopy is a procedure used to examine the inside of the womb (uterus). Hysteroscopy & Polypectomy cost It's carried out using a hysteroscope, which is a narrow telescope with a light and camera at the end. Images are sent to a monitor so your doctor or specialist nurse can see inside your womb. The hysteroscope is passed into your womb through your vagina and cervix (entrance to the womb), which means no cuts need to be made in your skin.
When a hysteroscopy may be carried out
A hysteroscopy can be used to:
investigate symptoms or problems – such as heavy periods, unusual vaginal bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, pelvic pain, repeated miscarriages or difficulty getting pregnant
diagnose conditions – such as fibroids and polyps (non-cancerous growths in the womb)
treat conditions and problems – such as removing fibroids, polyps, displaced intrauterine devices (IUDs)and intrauterine adhesions (scar tissue that causes absent periods and reduced fertility)
A procedure called dilatation and curettage (D&C) used to be common to examine the womb and remove abnormal growths, but now hysteroscopies are carried out instead.
What happens during a hysteroscopy
A hysteroscopy is usually carried out on an outpatient or day-case basis. This means you do not have to stay in the hospital overnight. It may not be necessary to use anesthetic for the procedure, although local anesthetic (where medication is used to numb your cervix) is sometimes used. A general anesthetic may be used if you're having treatment during the procedure or you would prefer to be asleep while it's carried out. A hysteroscopy can take up to 30 minutes in total, although it may only last around 5 to 10 minutes if it's just being done to diagnose a condition or investigate symptoms.
Is a hysteroscopy painful?
This seems to vary considerably between women. Some women feel no or only mild pain during a hysteroscopy, but for others, the pain can be severe. If you find it too uncomfortable, tell the doctor or nurse. They can stop the procedure at any time. If you're worried, speak to the doctor or nurse before having the procedure about what to expect and ask them about pain relief options.
Recovering from a hysteroscopy
Most women feel able to return to their normal activities the following day, although some women return to work the same day. You may wish to have a few days off to rest if general anesthetic was used. While you're recovering:
you can eat and drink as normal straight away
you may experience cramping that's similar to period pain and some spotting or bleeding for a few days – this is normal and nothing to worry about unless it's heavy
you should avoid having sex for a week, or until any bleeding has stopped, to reduce the risk of infection (see below)
Your doctor or nurse will discuss the findings of the procedure with you before you leave the hospital.
Risks of a hysteroscopy
A hysteroscopy is generally very safe but, like any procedure, there is a small risk of complications. The risk is higher for women who have treatment during a hysteroscopy. Some of the main risks associated with a hysteroscopy are:
accidental damage to the womb – this is uncommon but may require treatment with antibiotics in a hospital or, in rare cases, another operation to repair it
accidental damage to the cervix – this is rare and can usually be easily repaired
excessive bleeding during or after surgery – this can occur if you had treatment under general anesthetic and can be treated with medication or another procedure; very rarely, it may be necessary to remove the womb (hysterectomy)
infection of the womb – this can cause smelly vaginal discharge, fever and heavy bleeding; it can usually be treated with a short course of antibiotics from your GP
feeling faint – this affects 1 in every 200 women who have a hysteroscopy carried out without an anesthetic or just a local anesthetic
A hysteroscopy will only be carried out if the benefits are thought to outweigh the risks.
Polypectomy
Uterine polyps are growths attached to the inner wall of the uterus that extends into the uterine cavity. Overgrowth of cells in the lining of the uterus (endometrium) leads to the formation of uterine polyps, also known as endometrial polyps. These polyps are usually noncancerous (benign), although some can be cancerous or can eventually turn into cancer (precancerous polyps). Uterine polyps range in size from a few millimeters — no larger than a sesame seed — to several centimeters — golf-ball-size or larger. They attach to the uterine wall by a large base or a thin stalk. Hysteroscopy & Polypectomy cost
You can have one or many uterine polyps. They usually stay contained within your uterus, but occasionally, they slip down through the opening of the uterus (cervix) into your vagina. Uterine polyps most commonly occur in women who are going through or have completed menopause, although younger women can get them, too. Hysteroscopy & Polypectomy cost
Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of uterine polyps include:
Irregular menstrual bleeding — for example, having frequent, unpredictable periods of variable length and heaviness
Bleeding between menstrual periods
Excessively heavy menstrual periods
Vaginal bleeding after menopause
Infertility
Some women have only light bleeding or spotting; others are symptom-free.
When to see a doctor
Seek medical care if you have:
Vaginal bleeding after menopause
Bleeding between menstrual periods
Irregular menstrual bleeding
Causes
Hormonal factors appear to play a role. Uterine polyps are estrogen-sensitive, meaning they grow in response to circulating estrogen.
Risk factors
Risk factors for developing uterine polyps include:
Being perimenopausal or postmenopausal
Having high blood pressure (hypertension)
Being obese
Taking tamoxifen, drug therapy for breast cancer
Hysteroscopy & Polypectomy cost
Complications
Uterine polyps might be associated with infertility. If you have uterine polyps and you're unable to have children, removal of the polyps might allow you to become pregnant, but the data are inconclusive.
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