Endoscopic brain surgery in Iran

Endoscopic brain surgery: Neuroendoscopic, and Endonasal surgery

Endoscopic brain surgery is firstly used to treat brain tumors. This surgery is considered minimally invasive brain surgery. Endoscopic brain surgery allows surgeons to identify and treat deep tumors within the brain. This procedure is less invasive than traditional open brain surgery while still affords the surgeons to get an in-depth view of the brain.

Endoscopic brain surgery

An endoscope is a thin instrument that has a small camera. It is like a tube. It conveys video images of the brain. The surgeon inserts it in the brain through one or two small incisions in the skull. It can also be inserted through an opening in the body. Endoscopic surgeries have given a very clear visualization of the brain tumors to the surgeons. It does not need to access the brain through the skull. The surgeons can access the brain through pathways like the sinuses and the nose as well. In endoscopic brain surgery method, transmitted images by the endoscopes are magnifying anatomical structures, so the surgeons can easily observe the various diseased areas that need repair or removal with endoscope guide.

Types of endoscopic brain tumor surgery

There are two main types of endoscopic brain tumor surgery:

1- Endoscopic endonasal tumor surgery

The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is a new surgical method that is used to remove brain tumors and lesions through the nose or sinuses. This type of endoscopic brain surgery is applied to remove tumors near the base of the brain or skull. It also removes tumors at the top of the spine. The endonasal surgery can also treat sinuses disease. It does not need large incisions.

The tumors that are removed using this method can be as large as a softball. It can treat many hard to reach tumors that were once considered “inoperable”. This procedure is done under general anesthesia. The surgeon puts an endoscope through your nose and sinuses to sparkle a light and a camera on the area that is going to be operated. The camera relays images to a monitor during endonasal surgery. The surgeon also inserts some specially designed tools through the nose to cut and remove tumors.

2-Neuroendoscopic brain tumor surgery

This is the least invasive brain surgery technique that is mostly used to treat brain tumors successfully. The neuroendoscopic brain tumor surgery involves drilling a small hole in the skull through the nose or mouth. It does not require removing a large part of the skull to perform the surgery and treat the brain tumor. The hole is 10-12 mm. The neuroendoscopic brain tumor surgery is performed under general anesthesia using an endoscope with a high definition video camera at one side and a viewing point at the other side of the endoscope. This allows the surgeon to control the movement and direction of the endoscope and guide it to the correct area in the skull.

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This type of endoscopic tumor surgery is most useful in initially taking biopsy on a suspected tumor. The biopsy verifies or denies the existence of the brain tumor by using a detailed pathological study. This method is also useful in treating especially brain tumors that grow in hard to reach places where there is a high risk of brain damage.

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