Nasal polyp removal surgeries in Iran

Nasal Polypectomy and Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)

Nasal polyp surgery, also called nasal polypectomy, is performed when other treatments such as nasal sprays do not work and the patients suffer from nasal polyp symptoms such as allergies, chronic sinusitis, and breathing difficulties. Recurrent infections and severe obstruction in respiratory tract will also need nasal polyp surgery or nasal polypectomy. Two different nasal polyp removal methods are available depending on the polyp size and location.

What is a nasal polyp?

A polyp is a round-shape tissue that forms in the nasal mucosa (nasal mucosa is a wet layer in your nose that humidifies the breath air and protects the nose from foreign particles and sinuses infection). Nasal polyp occurs due to prolonged allergy-induced irritation of nasal layers, infection, cystic fibrosis, churg-Strauss syndrome and sensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSIADS). A nasal polyp may block nasal or breathing passages and lead to chronic congestion as it locates where the nose, the eyes bones, and the cheek bones meet.

The nasal polyp symptoms include:

• The sensation of nasal blockage
• Snoring especially at nights
• Runny nose
• Feeling of pressure in the forehead
• Postnasal drip
• Sleep apnea
• Reduced sense of smell
• Nasal stuffiness
• Nasal congestion
• Breathing through mouth

Nasal polyp diagnoses and treatment

Nasal poly can be diagnosed with a nasoscope. Doctors may perform a nasal endoscopy for deep polyps. To determine additive information on size and location of the nasal polyp, a CT scan or MRI may be necessary. Doctors use allergy tests to determine the source of the polyp.

Some nasal sprays can cut down your runny nose, but symptoms return quickly if you stop them. You can also, treat sinus infections by some medicines such as antihistamines or antibiotics. However, surgery will be needed for serious polyps.

Nasal polyp removal surgery

Nasal polyp surgery is done to remove polyps inside the nose. It is done through incisions and as an outpatient procedure.

There are two methods to do nasal removal surgery: nasal polypectomy and functional endoscopic sinus surgery ( FESS).

1. Nasal polypectomy

This procedure is done under local anesthesia. Nasal polypectomy is done for the nasal polyps that are small and can easily be seen and reached through the nostrils.

The surgeon holds the nose open by a nasal speculum to make the polyp removal easier with forceps or wire loop. He/she may also use a suction device or microdebrider to remove the polyp.

The surgeon controls the nasal bleeding with compression packing or electro-cauterization. He/she puts Vaseline gauze to the operation site to prevent bleeding. The surgeon usually removes the dressing in 2-3 days after nasal polypectomy or nasal polyp removal.

2. Endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

This is a minimally invasive surgery that is applied to remove nasal polyps that are located on the roof of the nose or the sinuses. These types of nasal polyps are not easily visible and diagnose by radiologic evaluations.

FESS is done under general anesthesia with the aid of an endoscope. An endoscope is a small tool with a tiny camera. The tiny camera is attached to a thin tube. The endoscope gives the surgeon a better view of the polyp and the surrounding area. It is inserted into the sinus cavities through the nostrils.

The surgeon removes the nasal polyp with a tiny tool and the endoscope guides the surgery.

Regardless of any type of nasal polyp surgery, the patients should be aware that smell sensation may not be restored. Also, the nasal polyp may be recurrent. So, to prevent recurrence of polyps and their symptoms, it may be necessary for patients to continue treatment after surgery.

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