The Reasons for Gynecomastia
There are many factors contributing to the development of gynecomastia, including lifestyle factors such as excessive alcohol consumption or insufficient exercise, underlying diseases, aging, and side effects of certain medications. The sex hormone testosterone has a preventing effect on the development of breast tissue, while estrogen and progesterone hormones have a stimulatory effect on breast growth. The following factors can lead to hormone imbalance in men which may lead to developing gynecomastia.
Aging
Testosterone hormone naturally declines around the age of 30. By studying men over 65, it has been found that gynecomastia is often caused by low levels of testosterone. Some studies show that 24 to 65 percent of men between the ages of 50 and 80 suffer from gynecomastia. On the other hand, older men are more likely to take medications that can cause gynecomastia as a side effect.
Puberty
About 60% of teenage boys experience symptoms of gynecomastia by age 14 due to hormonal changes during puberty. Gynecomastia, which is caused due to changes that happened during puberty, tends to resolve within 3 years without treatment.
The high amount of body fat
A high amount of body fat can lead to increased fat accumulation around the chest and cause male breasts. Higher estrogen level is also one of the reasons for higher body fat percentage. Fat tissue is a place where testosterone is converted to estrogen by the aromatase enzyme. About 85 percent of a man’s estrogen source is the result of this enzyme.
Health condition
In the case of some health conditions, the testosterone and estrogen levels can be affected which will lead to excess breast tissue development. Some of the health conditions are:
- testes trauma, tumors, or disease
- hyperthyroidism
- kidney failure
- liver failure
- malnutrition
- The pituitary gland or hypothalamus tumors
- Klinefelter syndrome
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